The technique uses CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology to create precise damage to DNA strands so that DNA repair mechanisms can then be observed in better detail than would be possible with non-specific damage via radiation or other causes. Now, Stahl-Rommel and colleagues have developed a new method for studying DNA repair in yeast cells that can be conducted entirely in space. However, technological and safety obstacles have so far limited investigation into the issue. Previous work suggests that microgravity conditions may influence this choice, raising concerns that repair might not be adequate. Therefore, which specific DNA-repair strategies are employed by the body in space may be particularly important. Astronauts traveling outside of Earth's protective atmosphere face increased risk of DNA damage due to the ionizing radiation that permeates space. Fortunately, cells have several different natural strategies by which damaged DNA can be repaired. In humans and other animals, damaged DNA can lead to cancer. Sarah Stahl-Rommel of Genes in Space and colleagues present the new technique in the open-access journal PLOS ONE on June 30, 2021.ĭamage to an organism's DNA can occur during normal biological processes or as a result of environmental causes, such as UV light. Researchers have developed and successfully demonstrated a novel method for studying how cells repair damaged DNA in space. Image: NASA Astronaut Christina Kock performing the experimental procedure aboard the International Space Station.
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